This morning, my children attended their first ANZAC dawn service.
Photo by NicoleFor overseas readers of this blog, ANZAC day marks the first major military action fought by the Australian and New Zealand troops. On this day in 1915, the Australia New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) formed part of the allied expedition that set out to capture the Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey. Their goal was to open the Dardanelles to the allied navies.
The campaign was a disaster.
From the very beginning, there were no specialised landing craft, the disparate troops had no training, and supplies for the army had been packed in ways which made them difficult to access for landings.
The British commander who lead the campaign, Sir Ian Hamilton, believed that the navy would make further attacks during his landings. The navy, realising likely losses and fundamentally opposing the idea that tactical losses of ships was acceptable declined to mount another attack. The Turks had been allowed two months warning from the first serious navy attack to prepare ground defences before the follow-up ground landing could be mounted. They were well prepared.
Over 8,000 Australians and close to 3,000 New Zealanders died.
At first, military censorship prevented the true story being told but an Australian journalist, Keith Murdoch (father of Australian newspaper tycoon Rupert Murdoch) smuggled the story about the scale of the Dardanelles disaster back to the Australian Prime Minister, Andrew Fisher.
Fisher and the New Zealand Prime Minister, took the matter to the British Prime Minister David Lloyd George. It led directly to the dismissal of the British commander, Sir Ian Hamilton and the withdrawal of troops from Gallipoli.
ANZAC day has since become a a national day of remembrance of all soldiers who have died at war.
For myself and my children, the concepts behind ANZAC day are hard to grasp. We commemorate soldiers we do not know, who fought in a land we've never been, to help a "mother land" we have long since left.
Yet, every year, I still try to attend ANZAC day services. Why? Because to me, ANZAC day is a day of national ritual mourning. And by mourning war, I am better able to instill (in my own small ways) peace for my children.
Lest we forget...
